I will apply Kramer's Theory to 5 pieces of work, one (or more) from these following artists

1. Timbaland
2. Stockhausen
3. Alvin Lucier
4. Red Hot Chili Peppers
5. (not sure)

Timbaland 

He uses crying babies, birds, monkeys to add effects to the music, although this isn't necessary as the songs would still sound good without the added effects. This could be categorized as contradictory and point number seven, the artist doesn't want the song to sound the same and repetitive so he has added in his own 'techniques' to ensure it's not repetitive and has the constant same sound throughout. He also raps and uses Auto Tune on some tracks, which points to point 10, using technology in production and transmit music. 

Destiny's Child - Get on the bus 

(insert video)

This song features the animals sounds (along with the baby crying-may be wrong song)

  I don't know if I've understood this correctly.

in my words

1. music includes aspects of both postmodernism and modernism
2. postmodern music can be ironic - Timbaland's song contain monkeys, birds and baby's
3. doesn't always follow the 'rules' of the past and present music
4. Challenge high and lows - high = classical, low = pop (pop, rock, etc in broadest sense) Dan Black and Kanye West challenge high and low's
5.  Structural unity - blurred and uses inspiration from others - meaning that artist's music has lots of intertextual references causing a blurred effect between which is/was the original and the piece which piece has taken inspiration, causes a hyper reality effect.
6. Taking elements from elitists (classical musicians, purist music listeners)/cross over from classical to populist (pop music, r&b, rock etc). This is when an artist takes a song from the elitist/classical genre to the populist (their) genre, an example of this is Beyonce singing Ave Maria (which is a classical song), the artists may do this for (although many others) two reasons; to boost their career or the song to make it more popular. The band or artist will normally keep the lyrics the same or slightly alter them but add a pop backing tune to the song to make it marketable to the mainstream audience instead of it's previous niche market, there are other artists who have done this include; Dan Black's Symphonies
   
7. The artists doesn't want the music to sound the same and repetitive, or use to much of the inspired sound (sections from other artists)
8. Music isn't autonomous e.g independent or has no influences, but it's affected by political, socail and cultural change or movements. Examples of these are Green Day/U2's - The saints are coming, a song about the Hurricane Katrina which hit New Orleans, USA, 2005, charity sings such as, Live Aid, do they even know it's christmas by band aid (both) or songs from Lady GaGa or Green Day's Holiday which is about Politics in America, another is diamonds form Sierra Leone by Kanye West which is a protest song about Blood Diamonds, from the area.
   
9. takes sections or inspiration from music which exists in different cultures and traditions, for example bands such as Red Hot Chili Peppers using/taking inspirational music form the Jazz, Blues genres etc and adding them into their songs which are categorized as Rock.
10. musician/artist doesn't just consider technology as a way of keeping record or their music and to transmit the music to their audience but they recognise that it is important in the production and attributes to their music and it's sound. Examples are DJ Shadow's live DJ/mixing on stage, KT Tunstall recording her music on stage and replaying and rerecording it on stage to produce her music, Imogen Heap, and David Albarn from Blur and Gorillaz created a album on his iPad whilst at the back of a bus during him and the Gorillaz touring America to Promote the Plastic Beach album
11. Music embraces contradictions, e.g. a Japanese band using 77 drummers in a single, they had one bassist or guitarist, but this is an example of contradiction within music as it's a contradiction to the stereotypical band/conventions within  music as you just wouldn't expect more than two or three drummers at maximum in any band.
12. doesn't use/trust binary opposites. postmodern music doesn't have/use any binary opposites as they don't work
13. Includes sampling sections or small pieces of music from others therefore fragmenting pieces of music into their own. discontinuities - not constant through out entire song or the main theme/tune/backing music to song.
14. believes all music is equal and isn't better than any other piece, 
15. Songs have more than one meaning to them, as they have more than one listener/person in the audience.
16. Doesn't always make sense in performances, scores or composers, but has more meaning and structure in listeners. It's how the audience interprets the song, it's meaning and possible moral, the audience may see an entire different meaning to a song than the artists, some audiences may see different meaning to each other, due to different levels of understanding and knowledge.

in kramers words

1. is not simply a repudiation of modernism or its continuation, but has aspects of both a break and an extension
2. is, on some level and in some way, ironic
3. does not respect boundaries between sonorities and procedures of the past and of the present
4. challenges barriers between 'high' and 'low' styles
5. shows disdain for the often unquestioned value of structural unity
6. questions the mutual exclusivity of elitist and populist values
7. avoids totalizing forms (e.g., does not want entire pieces to be tonal or serial or cast in a prescribed formal mold)
8. considers music not as autonomous but as relevant to cultural, social, and political contexts
9. includes quotations of or references to music of many traditions and cultures
10. considers technology not only as a way to preserve and transmit music but also as deeply implicated in the production and essence of music
11. embraces contradictions
12. distrusts binary oppositions
13. includes fragmentations and discontinuities
14. encompasses pluralism and eclecticism
15. presents multiple meanings and multiple temporalities
16. locates meaning and even structure in listeners, more than in scores, performances, or composers

  Here are my album covers
1. Front Cover
2. Inside Front Cover (booklet back cover)
3. Back Cover

 All We Know Are Thieves

1. Blur - Country House
2. Bon Jovi - Livin' on a Prayer
3. Jamiroquai - Little L
4. Green Day - When I Come Around / Holiday
5. Foxboro Hottubs - Mother Mary
6. Foo Fighters - Monkey Wrench
7. Red Hot Chili Peppers - Can't Stop
8. My Chemical Romance - Welcome to the Black Parade
9. Paramore - Pressure
10. Orson - Bright Idea
11. U2 - Beautiful Day

I have themed my mixtape towards events/days that I remember, such as Holidays and Concerts

• Blur - Country House

I have liked Blur since I was about 7, I always used to play their albums in our cd player, one of my favourite songs is called Country House. The song was actually released in 1995, I would have been 4 on release of the album, but I started to take interest in music when I was slightly older

• Bon Jovi - Living on a Prayer

Along with Blur, Bon Jovi was one of the first bands that I started to listen to, I started to listen to them around the same age as I did blur, I have choosen Bon Jovi as I went to see the band live at Coventry's Ricoh Arena in 2006 and really enjoyed it.

• JK - Little L

I choose Jamiroquai, for two reasons; I have always liked his songs plus I saw him at Radio 1's One Big Sunday at Leicester in 2001.

• Green Day - When I Come Around and Holiday

I saw Green Day live at the LG Arena in the NEC, and remember that even weeks prior to going that I was really excited and couldn't wait to go. Green Day are one of my favourite bands. They are really one of the first bands which I really liked and from first hearing their songs on the radio, I have been a fan of them and the same genre of music ever since.

• Foxboro Hottubs - Mother Mary 

This is a band which is basically an alter ego of Green Day, as it consists of  Billie Joe Armstrong (Lead Vocalist and Guitar of Green Day), Mike Dirnt (Bass with Green Day) and Tre Cool (Drummer with Green Day) but it also includes a close friend of Billie Joe's. I remember hearing it for the first time whilst being on holiday in the Isle of Wight and saying to Alex, that the lead singer sounded like Billie Joe Armstrong.

• Foo Fighters - Monkey Wrench 

Although this isn't my favourite Foo Fighter's song, I remember watching them live, and singing along but watching in amazement that when Dave Grohl sings ( the lyrics below) he didn't take a breath until the end of the section. Even though the Foo Fighters were one of the bands I liked at the time they were never my favourite, but after seeing them at the NEC, they were soon drawing favourite with Green Day and Red Chili Peppers.

"One last thing before I quit

I never wanted any more than I could fit
Into my head I still remember every single word
You said and all the shit that somehow came along with it
Still there's one thing that comforts me since I was
Always caged and now I'm free"

• Red Hot Chili Peppers - Can't Stop (iTunes protected file so I can't put on my mixtape, so I replaced it with Hump De Bump, which is one of my favourite songs by RHCP)

In 2003 I went on holiday to New Zealand, as we were considering moving there, and whilst on holiday I played my Red Hot Chili Peppers CD in the camper van that we hired out, although I listened to this before I went on holiday it reminds me of traveling around New Zealand in a camper van,

• My Chemical Romance - Welcome to the Black Parade (replaced by Famous Last Words, as this one is Protected by iTunes)
• Paramore - Pressure

Until I went to Canada, I hadn't heard of My Chemical Romance or Paramore, even though both had released albums prior to me going on holiday (2006), but the Canadian radio station that we listened to whilst being on holiday played them both extensively. I remember sitting in the back seats of a Dodge Grand Caravan whilst driving from Toronto to Rice Lake in Canada and listening to them.

• Orson - Bright Idea

I don't really have a reason for Orson but when the band released there album "Bright Idea",  I bought it as I really enjoyed their music.

•  U2 - Beautiful Day

This is a song that reminds me of when me and my dad used to go to see Sheffield United play football at Bramall Lane. Although I haven't been for a while, the song used to be played every time I went up to see them play, it would play before a match whilst the team would be warming up on the pitch. They would also play the annie song although, which is where Sheffield United got their theme tune from as they just changed the lyrics to apply to life in Sheffield and Sheffield United

  Wasting Light by Foo Fighters

artists that may be used but unsure for some

early artists

• Bon Jovi
• Eminem
• Red Hot Chili Peppers
• michael jackson
• nirvana
• qotsa
• stereophonics
• u2
• RW
• orson
• lostpophets
• linkin park
• jamiroquai
• gorillaz
• bowling for soup
• blink 182
• bep
• blur

Recent artists

• foo fighters
• greenday
• avril lavigne
• foxboro hottubs
• paramore
• mcr
• muse
• maximo park

places
why songs are appropriate;

Live
Bon Jovi
green day
rw x2
foo fighters
mcr
radio 1, one big weekend leicester JK, Kylie, etc

Rice Lake - My Chemical Romance,  NZ - Foo fighters

weird al yankovic